How is congenital astigmatism treated?

　　Astigmatism not only impairs visual acuity but also causes significant inconvenience in daily life. If left untreated, the condition may progressively worsen—increasing treatment complexity and raising the risk of developing other ocular diseases, potentially even leading to blindness. So, how is congenital astigmatism treated?

　　How Is Congenital Astigmatism Treated?

　　There is currently no effective treatment to reduce congenital astigmatism. However, it is crucial to note that congenital astigmatism—particularly high-degree astigmatism—may lead to amblyopia (lazy eye). Therefore, timely comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation at a hospital is essential. If amblyopia is diagnosed, corrective spectacles must be prescribed following cycloplegic refraction to treat the amblyopia and improve visual function. In adulthood, surgical correction for astigmatism may be considered; surgery is generally suitable for astigmatism up to approximately 500 degrees. Hence, prior to reaching adulthood, maintaining good ocular hygiene is vital, and acquired astigmatism should be minimized—primarily by limiting prolonged eye closure during near-work activities.

　　Congenital astigmatism is primarily associated with genetic factors. Children whose either parent has astigmatism are at higher risk of developing the condition compared to those whose parents both have no astigmatism. Additionally, obese children exhibit a higher prevalence of astigmatism than children with normal weight; malnutrition can reduce corneal rigidity, thereby increasing the risk of corneal astigmatism. Certain congenital disorders—including Down syndrome, spina bifida, and nystagmus—are also associated with an elevated risk of astigmatism. Moreover, acquired factors such as ocular disease, trauma, or surgery can contribute to the development of astigmatism.

　　Patients are advised to avoid excessive eye strain and regularly adjust their visual posture. We hope this information proves helpful.