What Causes Testicular Pain?
Jul 06, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Luo Yong
Introduction
Testicular torsion: This condition commonly occurs in children. Patients typically experience severe pain, redness, and tenderness on one side of the scrotum; severe cases may also be accompanied by nausea and vomiting.
Scrotal edema: Fluid accumulation occurs around the testicle and its surrounding tissues. If fluid balance is disrupted, edema and fluid retention may develop, leading to testicular pain in males.
The testes are the male external genital organs, located beneath the penis. Males have two testes—one on the left and one on the right. The primary functions of the testes include secretion of male sex hormones (e.g., testosterone), sperm production, and semen storage. So, what causes testicular pain?
Testicular pain is a common symptom among males. Causes of testicular pain include testicular torsion, scrotal edema (hydrocele), and varicocele.
① Testicular Torsion
Testicular torsion occurs when the testicle rotates abnormally—often due to trauma or physical strain—leading to compromised blood flow and subsequent pain. It most commonly affects children and adolescents. Affected individuals typically experience sudden, severe unilateral testicular pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness. Severe cases may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Surgical intervention is usually required.
② Scrotal Edema (Hydrocele)
A hydrocele refers to abnormal accumulation of fluid around the testicle and its surrounding structures. When fluid volume becomes imbalanced, it may lead to swelling and discomfort, resulting in testicular pain. Individuals experiencing such symptoms should seek prompt medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause; surgical treatment may be necessary in certain cases.
③ Varicocele
Varicocele—a condition characterized by dilation and tortuosity of the veins within the spermatic cord—can cause testicular pain, along with scrotal heaviness and localized discomfort. Symptoms often worsen after prolonged sitting or standing.
