What Causes Headaches During Menstruation?

It is common to experience discomfort during menstruation, with abdominal pain being the most frequent symptom—something most women encounter. Some women may also notice headaches and general discomfort coinciding with their menstrual period. This can be puzzling, leaving them wondering what’s happening. So, what causes headaches during menstruation?

Causes of Menstrual Headaches

One possible cause of menstrual headaches is hormonal imbalance. During menstruation, estrogen levels drop sharply while progesterone levels rise abruptly—both changes can easily trigger headaches. Under a physician’s guidance, Yuhu Zhitong Pian (a traditional Chinese medicine) may be prescribed to promote blood circulation, resolve blood stasis, unblock meridians, and relieve pain. Another possibility is premenstrual syndrome (PMS), in which headaches occur either before or during menstruation. This condition is associated with nervous system dysfunction; therefore, affected individuals should prioritize rest, avoid overwork and late-night activities, maintain a positive mood, and minimize stress.

Menstrual headaches can generally be alleviated through heat application and massage—for instance, gently massaging the temples and forehead to improve cerebral blood circulation and unblock meridians. For patients with more severe symptoms, oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be used under medical supervision. Examples include ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, acetaminophen (paracetamol), and sodium diclofenac—all of which help relieve pain.

In addition, patients should ensure adequate rest and avoid fatigue during menstruation, while also taking care to stay warm. We hope this information proves helpful.