What are the “Four Tests for Hypertension”?

　　Hypertension is a highly prevalent and potentially serious condition that poses significant health risks. Prolonged uncontrolled hypertension can severely impact both health and quality of life. Therefore, it is essential to adopt appropriate measures to lower blood pressure. But what exactly are the “Four Essential Tests for Hypertension”?

　　What Are the Four Essential Tests for Hypertension?

　　The “Four Essential Tests for Hypertension” refer to four key diagnostic examinations: (1) serum biochemical panel, (2) peripheral blood complete blood count (CBC), (3) serum creatinine measurement, and (4) urinalysis. The serum biochemical panel includes assessments of serum potassium, sodium, and fasting blood glucose levels. Second, a peripheral blood CBC is required. Many patients overlook the importance of this test; however, it is crucial to consider its clinical implications and underlying causes. For instance, if anemia is detected on CBC, the cause must be thoroughly investigated—elevated serum creatinine may suggest renal disease as the etiology of the anemia. Third, urinalysis evaluates for proteinuria, glucosuria (in conjunction with diabetes screening), and findings on urine sediment microscopy. Even if routine urinalysis shows no proteinuria, microalbuminuria testing may still be indicated when clinically warranted.

　　A negative urine protein result may reduce the likelihood of secondary hypertension caused by kidney disease. Conversely, the presence of red blood cells in the urine typically indicates damage to the renal tubules or glomerular basement membrane. Additionally, electrocardiography (ECG) is considered one of the four fundamental tests for hypertension evaluation. When clinically indicated, further imaging—such as echocardiography—may be performed to assess structural changes in the heart.

　　In daily life, patients should maintain a positive mindset, actively cooperate with their physicians’ treatment plans, take prescribed medications consistently and correctly, and pay close attention to routine self-care—thereby facilitating timely improvement in their condition. We hope this information proves helpful to you.