Differences Between Liver Spots and Melasma

It is widely known that liver spots (melasma) and chloasma are both types of hyperpigmented lesions, and the color of liver spots is actually quite similar to that of chloasma. So, what are the differences between liver spots and chloasma?

Differences Between Liver Spots and Chloasma

Liver spots and chloasma differ in color, shape, and underlying causes. Regarding color: liver spots typically appear as deep brown patches and may occur in both men and women. In contrast, chloasma tends to be lighter in color—usually tan or light brown—and predominantly affects women. Regarding shape: liver spots generally present as flat, symmetrical patches with well-defined borders. They commonly appear on the zygomatic and buccal regions, but may also develop around the eyes, across the bridge of the nose and upper lip, or on the forehead. Chloasma, by contrast, often exhibits a more characteristic pattern with indistinct borders; it frequently manifests bilaterally on the cheeks in a “butterfly” distribution.

Regarding etiology: liver spots are commonly associated with genetic predisposition and fluctuations in sex hormone levels, possibly linked to impaired epidermal permeability barrier function. Local inflammatory or infectious processes cannot be ruled out either. Chloasma, however, is most often attributed to elevated estrogen levels in women—potentially related to menstrual irregularities—and may also result from long-term oral contraceptive use. In some cases, it is associated with pregnancy-related hormonal changes.

If you notice liver spots or chloasma on your face, please consult a dermatologist at a hospital. Following clinical evaluation, your physician may prescribe topical depigmenting agents or recommend minimally invasive laser therapy. We hope this article has been helpful. Wishing you a joyful life and good health!