What medications are used to treat primary hypertension?

Hypertension is a common condition in daily life. As functional and structural damage progresses in vital organs—including the heart, brain, and kidneys—various clinical symptoms may emerge. Hypertension is also one of the most prevalent chronic diseases. So, what medications are used to treat essential (primary) hypertension?

Medications for Essential Hypertension

Commonly prescribed antihypertensive drugs include calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), diuretics, and beta-blockers. Fixed-dose combination preparations containing two or more of these drug classes are also widely used. Treatment typically favors long-acting agents with optimal efficacy. Low-dose, long-acting antihypertensives are often combined, and individualized regimens are selected based on each patient’s specific clinical profile, comorbidities, and tolerability. Among the most frequently prescribed agents are nimodipine, nifedipine controlled-release tablets, and captopril.

Patients with hypertension should adhere to a light, low-sodium diet. Alcohol consumption must be avoided, as should greasy or spicy foods, since these can hinder hypertension management. Additionally, maintaining regular work–rest schedules is crucial; staying up late should be avoided. Consistent, adequate sleep is essential to support normal metabolic function. Emotional well-being is equally important: patients should strive to maintain a positive, relaxed mood—avoiding excessive anxiety or tension—to promote stable blood pressure control and enhance therapeutic outcomes.

Engaging in extracurricular activities can help hypertensive patients effectively relieve internal stress and foster a positive emotional state. We hope this information proves helpful to you.