What type of cells are leukemia cells?

Leukemia is a malignant disorder of hematopoietic stem cells, typically arising from clonal proliferation of these stem cells, which disrupts normal blood cell production. This may lead to symptoms such as bleeding, anemia, fever, and infections. So, what exactly are leukemia cells?

What Are Leukemia Cells?

Leukemia cells are abnormally proliferating white blood cells resulting from a malignant clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem cells. Due to dysregulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, these clonally expanded white blood cells proliferate uncontrollably in the bone marrow, accumulate there, and may disseminate to other tissues and organs—thereby impairing normal hematopoiesis. This ultimately leads to hematologic failure and causes enlargement (swelling) of organs such as the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes.

Based on differences in cellular differentiation and disease course, leukemia cells are classified into two main types: acute and chronic. In acute leukemia, the leukemia cells are typically arrested at an early stage of differentiation—often resembling promyelocytes—and the disease progresses rapidly, usually over several months. In contrast, chronic leukemia cells retain relatively stronger differentiation capacity and proliferate more slowly, with the disease often persisting for years.

Patients with leukemia should follow a diet that is light, easily digestible, and rich in protein and vitamins. They should also drink plenty of water to promote uric acid excretion and thereby help prevent hyperuricemia. We hope this information is helpful to you.