What Should Pregnant Women with Low-Lying Placenta Do?

Jun 03, 2019 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Liu Yuanyuan

Introduction

The location and height of the placenta cannot be controlled by either the pregnant woman or her physician. If the gestational age is relatively early, the placenta may appear to move upward as the fetus grows and the lower uterine segment stretches, potentially reaching a normal position. A definitive diagnosis of placenta previa can only be made after 28 weeks of gestation; the final mode of delivery will be determined based on the specific clinical circumstances at the time of labor.

The location and height of the placenta cannot be controlled artificially; therefore, neither the pregnant woman nor her physician can adjust it.

A low-lying placenta is one type of placenta previa. What is placenta previa? Placenta previa refers to a condition occurring after 28 weeks of gestation in which part or all of the placenta lies in the lower uterine segment—even extending to or covering the internal cervical os—and is positioned lower than the presenting part of the fetus, thereby potentially affecting delivery.

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Based on the relationship between the placenta and the internal cervical os, placenta previa is classified into four types: - Complete placenta previa: the placenta completely covers the internal cervical os; - Partial placenta previa: placental tissue partially covers the internal cervical os; - Marginal placenta previa: the placental edge reaches or lies adjacent to—but does not cover—the internal cervical os; - Low-lying placenta: the placental edge attaches to the lower uterine segment but does not reach the internal cervical os.

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This scenario represents a low-lying placenta. If gestational age is relatively early, the placenta may appear to migrate upward as the fetus grows and the lower uterine segment stretches, possibly reaching a normal position. Therefore, a definitive diagnosis of placenta previa can only be made after 28 weeks of gestation, and the mode of delivery will ultimately be determined based on clinical circumstances at the time of labor.

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