What are the symptoms of pancreatic cysts, and where is the pain located?

In general, symptoms of pancreatic cysts include abdominal pain, abdominal mass, gastrointestinal symptoms, jaundice, and pancreatic enzyme deficiency. Pain typically occurs in the upper abdomen. The details are as follows:

1. Abdominal Pain

Abdominal pain is one of the common symptoms of pancreatic cysts. The pain may be insidious or intermittent, resembling the pain associated with pancreatitis. It is usually located in the upper abdomen or left upper quadrant and may radiate to the back or waist.

2. Abdominal Mass

The presence of a cyst may lead to the formation of an abdominal mass. This mass can often be felt or detected during physical examination, especially in the region of the pancreas. The mass may have solid or cystic characteristics, depending on the nature and structure of the cyst.

3. Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Pancreatic cysts may cause various gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. These symptoms may result from compression of the pancreas by the cyst or from abnormal secretion of digestive enzymes.

4. Jaundice

A large pancreatic cyst or pressure exerted by a cyst may obstruct the bile duct, leading to jaundice. Jaundice manifests as yellowing of the skin and eyes, darkened urine, and pale-colored stools.

5. Pancreatic Enzyme Deficiency

Cysts may interfere with the pancreas's ability to produce and release digestive enzymes. This can lead to indigestion, steatorrhea (fatty stools), or malnutrition. Patients may experience diarrhea, greasy and foul-smelling stools, weight loss, and impaired nutrient absorption.

When pancreatic cysts occur, timely medical evaluation and appropriate treatment are essential. Ultrasound imaging can help determine the exact size of the cyst. If the cyst is relatively small, conservative management may allow it to resolve spontaneously. However, if the cyst is significantly large, prompt surgical intervention may be necessary.