What causes frequent hiccups in newborn babies?

Newborn babies frequently experiencing hiccups may be due to dietary factors, gastroesophageal reflux, or diaphragmatic spasms.

1. Dietary factors

The organs of newborn babies are not yet fully developed. Their stomachs are horizontally positioned and the cardiac sphincter is immature. If feeding posture is incorrect, if the baby feeds too quickly or eagerly, they may easily swallow air, leading to hiccups. Additionally, excessive and uncontrolled milk intake may impair spleen and stomach function, causing upward rebellion of stomach qi affecting the diaphragm, resulting in frequent hiccups.

2. Gastroesophageal reflux

In newborns, the lower esophageal sphincter may not be fully developed, making it unable to prevent stomach contents from flowing back into the esophagus. Conditions such as gastric ulcers or indigestion can also contribute to gastroesophageal reflux. This reflux irritates the diaphragm and often leads to persistent hiccups.

3. Diaphragmatic spasms

Newborns have an immature nervous system and relatively sensitive phrenic nerves. If inhaled air irritates the phrenic nerve, it may trigger frequent hiccups.