What causes swelling in one side of the hands and feet in elderly people?

Swelling in one side of the hands or feet in elderly individuals may generally be caused by malnutrition, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome, heart failure, and other conditions.

1. Malnutrition

Malnutrition may lead to insufficient protein intake, affecting protein synthesis and distribution in the body, resulting in fluid accumulation in body tissues and causing discomfort. Consuming more protein-rich foods such as beef, salmon, and soybeans can help alleviate symptoms.

2. Hypertension

Hypertension may place additional strain on the heart, leading to gradual thickening of the heart muscle and reduced cardiac function, which causes fluid buildup in body tissues and results in edema. Symptoms such as headache and fatigue may also occur. Blood pressure can be managed under medical guidance using medications such as furosemide tablets, metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets, and amlodipine besylate tablets.

3. Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis commonly affects multiple joints. If inflammation and damage are more severe in one side's joints, the aforementioned swelling may occur, often accompanied by pain and functional impairment. Immunosuppressive agents such as cyclophosphamide tablets, methotrexate tablets, and azathioprine tablets may be used under medical supervision to prevent bone destruction.

4. Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome may cause massive proteinuria, reducing plasma albumin levels in the body and allowing fluid to leak from blood vessels into surrounding tissues, leading to edema—especially in peripheral areas such as hands and feet. Hypoproteinemia may also develop. It is recommended to take glucocorticoids such as prednisone acetate tablets, methylprednisolone tablets, or betamethasone tablets as prescribed to suppress immune and inflammatory responses and improve symptoms.

5. Heart Failure

Heart failure typically impairs the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively, causing blood to accumulate in the heart and vascular system, leading to edema. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations. Under medical guidance, medications such as compound amiloride hydrochloride tablets, spironolactone capsules, and amiloride hydrochloride tablets may be used to reduce cardiac load and relieve symptoms.

In daily life, avoid excessive fatigue, ensure adequate rest and sufficient sleep. Patients are also advised to seek timely medical evaluation, undergo relevant examinations, and follow medical instructions for treatment to prevent further progression of the condition.