Symptoms and First Aid Measures for Hydrofluoric Acid Poisoning

Hydrogen fluoride poisoning directly causes irritation of the respiratory tract or ocular mucous membranes. In cases of skin exposure, symptoms such as skin redness and local tissue necrosis may occur. It is recommended to immediately rinse thoroughly with large amounts of running water to rapidly dilute the toxic substance, change contaminated clothing, and clean the mouth and nose.

If accidentally splashed into the eyes, corneal damage may result. Immediately flush the eyes with water or Hexafluorine solution for 15 minutes, followed by irrigation with 1% calcium gluconate sterile solution for 5–10 minutes. If inhaled, hydrogen fluoride can cause respiratory distress; the affected person must quickly leave the contaminated area and move to fresh air, ensuring an open airway. Nebulized calcium gluconate solution may be administered. In cases of accidental ingestion, prompt measures such as induced vomiting, gastric lavage, and catharsis should be taken.

After hydrogen fluoride poisoning, specialized physicians should continue treatment based on the patient's specific condition, using medications that nourish brain tissue and nerves, activate brain cells, prevent complications, and provide oxygen therapy and symptomatic management. Patients should also be guided in appropriate functional rehabilitation exercises and pulmonary function training.