What causes unilateral gluteus maximus pain?

Unilateral gluteus maximus pain may be associated with conditions such as gluteal fasciitis, gluteal muscle strain, cutaneous nerve inflammation of the buttock, and gluteal muscle contracture.

1. Gluteal Fasciitis

Gluteal fasciitis can cause chronic, aseptic inflammation in one side of the gluteal muscles, leading to pain. The pain is often more pronounced during exposure to cold or fatigue. Early physical examination and tests are necessary to rule out other diseases for accurate diagnosis.

2. Gluteal Muscle Strain

Strain of the gluteal muscles, as well as excessive exercise or trauma, can lead to injury of the gluteus maximus. Additionally, accidental trauma may result in soft tissue contusion, causing pain in the gluteus maximus.

3. Cutaneous Nerve Inflammation of the Gluteal Region

Cutaneous nerve inflammation can cause pain in one side of the gluteus maximus. The pain typically occurs in an area about the size of a palm within the distribution region of the cutaneous nerve and worsens with movement. Early physical examination, oral administration of neurotrophic medications, and physical therapy are recommended for treatment.

4. Gluteal Muscle Contracture

In children, gluteal muscle contracture may develop due to repeated injections. This contracture can lead to pain in the gluteus maximus, commonly resulting from secondary muscle pain following intramuscular injections. Diagnosis should be made early based on medical history and physical examination.