What are the commonly used disinfection and sterilization methods?

Under normal circumstances, common disinfection and sterilization methods include household environmental disinfection techniques. The specific procedures are as follows:

1. For nursing equipment and cotton textiles, steam them using a steamer or a household pressure cooker. After steam starts to escape, close the valve and continue for 20 minutes to achieve effective disinfection.

2. Utensils can be placed in a pot and boiled for at least 15–20 minutes.

3. Items that cannot be boiled or steamed may be disinfected by exposing them to direct sunlight for more than 6 hours, which also has bactericidal effects.

4. Household toilets, toilets bowls, and garbage can be disinfected by spraying with a 3% bleach solution or a 2% sodium hypochlorite supernatant liquid.

5. Finally, surfaces of living spaces, exposed items, and indoor air can be disinfected by fogging with 0.2%–0.5% peracetic acid.

Note: After completing home disinfection, hands should also be carefully disinfected. Maintain good hygiene practices regularly, dispose of garbage promptly, and ensure proper ventilation.