Why can cat scratches lead to rabies?

Being scratched by a cat can lead to rabies infection, as cats may carry the rabies virus.

Rabies is a contagious disease transmitted between animals and humans. The primary sources of infection are animals carrying the rabies virus. Once bitten by an infected animal, the virus can enter the human bloodstream through the wound and cause infection.

The rabies virus can be found in a cat's blood, nervous system, and saliva. If a person is scratched by a cat, the virus may enter the body through the injured area, invade the nervous system, and lead to rabies infection. Generally, the probability of developing rabies from a cat scratch is less than 0.5%. However, the risk is higher if the cat is a stray or has not been vaccinated. Deep bites or scratches, failure to clean the wound with soap and water, or injuries located on the head or face also increase the likelihood of contracting rabies.

Currently, there is no effective treatment for rabies. Once symptoms develop, the fatality rate is nearly 100%. Therefore, prevention is crucial—avoid close contact with animals of unknown origin. If accidentally bitten or scratched, seek immediate medical attention to receive the rabies vaccine or rabies immunoglobulin.