What is the root cause of hypertension that cannot be cured after prolonged treatment and requires lifelong medication?

The root causes of persistent hypertension requiring lifelong medication generally include uncontrolled diet, improper treatment, and renal insufficiency.

1. Uncontrolled diet

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, primarily refers to a condition in which the pressure exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels remains consistently above the normal range. If patients merely rely on antihypertensive medications without properly managing their diet, their blood pressure may remain uncontrolled over the long term. For example, excessive sodium intake can lead to fluid retention in the body, making it difficult to lower blood pressure effectively.

2. Improper treatment

Hypertension can be caused by conditions such as glomerulonephritis, primary hyperaldosteronism, and pheochromocytoma. If the underlying cause is not accurately diagnosed or if inappropriate antihypertensive drugs are used, chronic hypertension may persist.

3. Renal insufficiency

Hypertension resulting from renal insufficiency is often due to impaired water metabolism and reduced excretory function, leading to increased blood volume. Additionally, kidney disease can activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, causing vasoconstriction and subsequently elevating blood pressure. Therefore, in hypertensive patients with concurrent renal insufficiency, blood pressure is particularly difficult to control.

Furthermore, untreated or inadequately managed conditions such as hyperthyroidism may also contribute to persistent hypertension requiring lifelong medication. It is recommended that patients maintain a low-salt, low-fat diet, ensure adequate sleep, and avoid staying up late.