Can epiretinal membrane worsen over time if left untreated?

Epiretinal membrane usually worsens over time if left untreated.

Epiretinal membrane is a condition affecting the macula of the retina in the eye. Main causes include posterior vitreous detachment and cellular migration, and it generally cannot resolve spontaneously. Without treatment, the epiretinal membrane gradually thickens and contracts, potentially leading to macular holes. This can affect vision, causing or worsening vision loss and visual distortion. Repeated traction from the membrane may result in retinal ischemia and retinal neovascularization, possibly causing vitreous hemorrhage and rapid decline in vision. Over time, this may even lead to phthisis bulbi (shrinkage of the eyeball).

Patients with epiretinal membrane are advised to seek timely medical evaluation and follow medical guidance for treatment to control disease progression.