What are the side effects of long-term use of Glucophage?

Glucophage is the brand name for metformin hydrochloride tablets. Long-term use of this medication may lead to side effects such as gastrointestinal reactions, vitamin B12 deficiency, and liver or kidney dysfunction. It is recommended to take the drug under a doctor's supervision.

1. Gastrointestinal reactions

The most common adverse effect during treatment with metformin hydrochloride is gastrointestinal discomfort, which may include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, and bloating. However, these symptoms usually resolve on their own in most patients.

2. Vitamin B12 deficiency

Long-term use of metformin may lead to vitamin B12 deficiency. Regular monitoring of vitamin B12 levels is advised, and supplementation should be considered under medical guidance when necessary.

3. Liver and kidney function impairment

Since this drug is metabolized and excreted through the liver and kidneys, patients with normal liver and kidney function typically do not experience adverse effects. However, in patients who already have impaired liver or kidney function, long-term use may worsen organ damage. In such cases, the drug should be discontinued promptly, after which function usually recovers gradually over time.

In addition, long-term use of metformin hydrochloride may also cause chills and taste disturbances. If any side effects occur while taking metformin hydrochloride, patients are advised to visit the endocrinology department of a hospital promptly and receive treatment under a physician’s guidance.