What hormones are tested during the menstrual period?

Mar 27, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Lv Aiming

Introduction

During menstruation, the endocrine evaluation includes progesterone, testosterone, and prolactin. Low serum progesterone levels in the luteal phase indicate luteal phase deficiency and anovulatory abnormal uterine bleeding. Low serum progesterone during pregnancy suggests ectopic pregnancy or threatened miscarriage. Elevated testosterone levels are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). High prolactin levels are linked to premature ovarian failure and precocious puberty, while low levels indicate hypopituitarism.

Endocrine testing during the menstrual period usually includes progesterone, testosterone, prolactin, and similar hormones.

1. Progesterone

Progesterone levels are normally relatively stable. If serum progesterone levels during the luteal phase are below normal, it may indicate inadequate luteal function or anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding. If progesterone levels are low during pregnancy, it could suggest conditions such as ectopic pregnancy or threatened miscarriage.

2. Testosterone

Elevated testosterone levels may indicate underlying diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), ovarian tumors, intersex disorders, hirsutism in women, or hyperprolactinemia.

3. Prolactin

Elevated prolactin levels may be associated with conditions such as premature ovarian failure, precocious puberty, or prolactinoma. Low levels may indicate hypopituitarism.

In addition, other hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol can also be tested. Testing is generally recommended on days 2–4 of the menstrual cycle.

What hormones are tested during the menstrual period?

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