Nicotine withdrawal syndrome

Nicotine withdrawal syndrome generally refers to a cluster of physical discomfort symptoms that occur in individuals who habitually consume nicotine when they stop or reduce their intake.

Nicotine is a chemical substance found in tobacco that interacts with various neurotransmitters in the body, such as acetylcholine, dopamine, and serotonin. When the body reduces or stops nicotine intake, it may lead to functional disturbances in the neurotransmitter systems, resulting in a series of adverse physical symptoms including anxiety, irritability, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, and low mood.

Treatment for this condition depends on the severity of symptoms. Mild cases may not require special treatment. For severe cases, comprehensive treatment approaches—including general management, medication, and psychological therapy—may be necessary. Medications such as bupropion hydrochloride tablets, varenicline tartrate tablets, or nicotine chewing gum may be used under a physician's guidance. Patients are advised to visit a hospital for evaluation and diagnosis, and then follow medical advice for standardized treatment.