The abdomen is large and hard after open abdominal surgery.

After open abdominal surgery, the abdomen may become large and hard due to factors such as slowed intestinal motility, hernia, or blood accumulation in the intestines. Details are as follows:

1. Slowed Intestinal Motility

Slowed intestinal motility can increase the retention time of food and waste in the intestines, leading to intestinal distension and gastrointestinal gas, thereby causing the abdomen to become enlarged and firm. Increasing fluid intake can promote gastrointestinal motility and relieve constipation and bloating. Appropriate aerobic exercise can also stimulate intestinal movement and alleviate gas buildup and constipation. This condition may also be associated with complications such as bowel obstruction, which requires prompt medical attention.

2. Hernia

The abdomen may swell after surgery due to air introduced during the procedure; this swelling usually resolves within a few days. Although the hernia has been repaired, the surgical incision and surrounding tissues still require time to heal and recover. Postoperative physical activity should be increased appropriately to promote intestinal motility and prevent intestinal bloating. Activity levels should be gradually increased under medical guidance, but strenuous exercise should be avoided.

3. Blood Accumulation in the Intestine

Open abdominal surgery may lead to blood accumulation in the intestine, possibly due to internal bleeding during surgery or improper rest afterward. If not treated promptly, accumulated blood may cause serious complications such as intestinal narrowing or bowel obstruction. Medications such as celecoxib tablets or phenolphthalein tablets may be used as directed by a physician to alleviate symptoms.

In addition, urinary retention could also be a cause. If abdominal enlargement and hardness worsen, timely medical evaluation and treatment are necessary.