What does it mean to have a hole in the heart?
Apr 18, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Tian Hongbo
Introduction
A hole in the heart may be related to factors such as ventricular septal perforation, atrial septal defect, or ventricular septal defect. It is important to seek medical evaluation early, identify the underlying cause, and then proceed with targeted treatment. Additionally, it could be associated with conditions like patent ductus arteriosus. During the course of illness, cooperate with your doctor's treatment plan, and for those undergoing surgical treatment, ensure proper postoperative care.
A hole in the heart may be related to factors such as ventricular septal rupture, atrial septal defect, or ventricular septal defect. It is important to seek medical evaluation early and undergo targeted treatment once the underlying cause is identified. Specific analyses are as follows:
1. Ventricular Septal Rupture
If a patient has acute myocardial infarction, it may lead to ischemia and hypoxia of the ventricular septum, which can progress to tissue necrosis in severe cases. As necrotic tissue accumulates, varying degrees of rupture may occur, allowing blood from the left ventricle to flow into the right ventricle, resulting in ventricular septal rupture. It is recommended to follow medical advice and consider treatments such as intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation. Adequate rest should be emphasized after treatment.
2. Atrial Septal Defect
The heart consists of two atria and two ventricles. If there is a persistent opening between the left and right atria, an atrial septal defect forms, which may cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, palpitations, and coughing. Small defects may resolve spontaneously without requiring specific treatment. For larger defects, surgical repair via cardiopulmonary bypass—atrial septal defect closure—may be considered, which helps restore normal cardiac function.
3. Ventricular Septal Defect
During embryonic development, improper formation of the ventricular septum leads to a defect between the left and right ventricles, affecting cardiac function and overall health. Abnormal blood circulation in the heart may result in reduced cardiac function, causing symptoms such as dyspnea and cough. After diagnosis, patients should consult their doctor regarding treatment options such as interventional occlusion or ventricular septal repair surgery. Regular follow-up visits are recommended after surgery.
In addition, this condition may also be associated with patent ductus arteriosus. Patients should actively cooperate with medical treatment during illness. Those undergoing surgical treatment require enhanced postoperative care.
