What causes vaginal wall prolapse in the late stages of pregnancy?

In general, vaginal wall prolapse in late pregnancy can be attributed to either physiological or pathological causes. Pathological causes are often related to vulvar varicose veins and pelvic floor muscle relaxation. It is important to get adequate rest and avoid activities that increase abdominal pressure. Consult an obstetrician to identify the underlying cause and receive appropriate management. The details are as follows:

1. Physiological Causes

In late pregnancy, as the fetal head descends into the pelvis, the pelvic muscles and ligaments stretch significantly to prepare for childbirth. This stretching, along with pressure from the fetus on the sacrum and genital area, may lead to vaginal wall prolapse. Usually, no specific treatment is required.

2. Pathological Causes

2.1 Vulvar Varicose Veins

As the fetus grows, it may compress the lower limbs, impairing venous return in the vulvar region and causing increased venous pressure, which leads to vulvar varicose veins and subsequently vaginal wall prolapse. It is recommended to avoid prolonged standing or sitting. Using a maternity support belt to lift the growing abdomen may help alleviate symptoms.

2.2 Pelvic Floor Muscle Relaxation

In women with multiple deliveries, reduced vaginal elasticity and weakened pelvic floor muscles may contribute to prolapse, especially due to uterine enlargement in late pregnancy. Performing Kegel exercises regularly can help strengthen and tighten the pelvic floor muscles.

Pregnant women in the late stages should avoid excessive fatigue, prolonged sitting, or standing, and take measures to prevent constipation. If significant discomfort occurs, prompt evaluation and treatment at an obstetrics clinic are advised.