What Causes Dry, Itchy Eyes?
Oct 30, 2020
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Cui Xin
Introduction
What Causes Dry, Itchy Eyes?
1. Eye strain—commonly due to prolonged use of electronic devices such as computers, televisions, and smartphones.
2. Ocular contamination—contact lens care solutions may damage the ocular surface.
3. Allergic reactions—often caused by allergic conjunctivitis.
4. Rheumatic and autoimmune diseases—such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, which can lead to severe ocular dryness.
Dryness, irritation, and itching of the eyes are commonly caused by dry eye syndrome and chronic conjunctival inflammation. Excessive eye strain—such as prolonged use of smartphones, computers, or televisions—can also lead to these symptoms. Additionally, certain ocular diseases—or even systemic conditions—may contribute to dry, itchy eyes. So, what exactly causes dryness and itching in the eyes? The following section addresses this question.
Causes of Dryness and Itching in the Eyes
1. Eye Strain
Prolonged use of electronic devices—including computers, televisions, and smartphones—reduces blink frequency and prolongs tear film evaporation, resulting in dry eyes. Additional symptoms associated with eye strain may include a burning sensation, conjunctival injection (redness), and itching.
2. Ocular Contamination
Women who frequently wear eye makeup—such as eyeliner or mascara—may experience ocular contamination, leading to itching. Moreover, ocular surface damage often results from contact lens wear; contact lens solutions can irritate and damage the ocular surface, and long-term use may cause persistent dryness.
3. Ocular Allergy
If dryness and itching occur seasonally—especially during spring when flowers bloom—and subside during other seasons, allergic conjunctivitis is likely the underlying cause. Patients may also experience nasal itching, watery rhinorrhea, and sneezing. Furthermore, infection with *Chlamydia trachomatis* (formerly known as “inclusion conjunctivitis bacillus”) can cause ocular itching, photophobia, and excessive tearing upon exposure to wind.
4. Rheumatic and Autoimmune Disorders
Conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis can cause severe ocular dryness. Patients with these disorders typically produce insufficient tears and suffer from pronounced dry eyes. Treatment involves managing the underlying systemic disease alongside topical corticosteroid eye drops. Warm compresses using a towel heated to approximately 45°C may also provide symptomatic relief.
The above outlines the primary causes of dry, itchy eyes. Individuals experiencing these symptoms are advised to perform regular eye exercises and avoid excessive visual strain. Additionally, incorporating foods rich in vitamin A into the diet may be beneficial. We hope this information proves helpful.
