What is the difference between the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine and the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine?

The differences between the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine and the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine include variations in coverage, technology, and target populations. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Different coverage

The 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine prevents infection from 13 types of Streptococcus pneumoniae, whereas the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine protects against 23 types of Streptococcus pneumoniae, providing broader coverage than the 13-valent vaccine.

2. Different technologies

The 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine is a polysaccharide conjugate vaccine that can stimulate infants to produce long-lasting antibodies, thereby offering protective immunity. In contrast, the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine is a polysaccharide vaccine that does not provide long-term protection, and infants have a relatively poor antibody response after vaccination.

3. Different target populations

The 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine can induce immune memory, leading to long-term immunity, and is therefore generally suitable for children under two years of age. The 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine lacks this capability and is typically recommended for all high-risk individuals aged two years and older.

In addition to the above, there are also differences in the composition of the two vaccines. Regardless of which vaccine is administered, the injection site should not be exposed to water afterward to prevent possible infection.