What should elderly people do if they can't sleep at night?

Insomnia in the elderly at night can generally be addressed by selecting appropriate management methods according to the underlying causes, which mainly fall into two categories: non-disease factors and disease-related factors. Disease-related factors commonly include neurasthenia and hyperthyroidism.

I. Non-disease Factors

Due to reduced physical resistance and tolerance in the elderly, extreme indoor temperatures—either too cold or too hot—can make it difficult for them to fall asleep. It is recommended to maintain a comfortable room temperature to promote better sleep.

II. Disease-related Factors

1. Neurasthenia

If insomnia results from neurasthenia causing brain fatigue, increased mental excitability, and associated sleep disturbances, doctors may prescribe neurotrophic medications such as vitamin B12 tablets, oryzanol tablets, or mecobalamin tablets. These can help improve sleep quality.

2. Hyperthyroidism

If excessive secretion of thyroid hormones in hyperthyroidism leads to heightened nervous system excitability and prevents the elderly from sleeping at night, treatment under medical guidance may include antithyroid drugs such as methimazole tablets, propylthiouracil tablets, or carbimazole tablets. Alternatively, surgical options like subtotal or total thyroidectomy may be considered to suppress thyroid hormone production and improve sleep.

In addition, hypertension may also contribute to insomnia. It is advisable to identify the exact cause and follow medical advice for proper treatment.