What causes menstrual delay after hysteroscopic and laparoscopic surgery?

Menstrual delay after hysteroscopic and laparoscopic surgery may be due to physiological factors such as pregnancy, or may be related to pathological causes including drug stimulation and intrauterine adhesions. Appropriate management should be based on the specific situation.

I. Physiological Factors

If a woman resumes sexual activity too early after hysteroscopic or laparoscopic surgery without proper contraception, pregnancy may occur, leading to delayed menstruation. In such cases, timely examination is necessary. Once pregnancy is confirmed, enhanced care should be provided along with close monitoring of fetal development.

II. Pathological Factors

1. Drug Stimulation

After surgery, progestin medications are often prescribed under a doctor's guidance. However, improper use or excessive dosage may lead to endometrial atrophy, resulting in menstrual disorders and delayed periods. It is recommended to consult a physician promptly to adjust the dosage or, if necessary, switch to alternative medications.

2. Intrauterine Adhesions

Surgery may cause injury to the endometrium, leading to thinning of the uterine lining and potentially causing intrauterine adhesions. This can disrupt the menstrual cycle, resulting in delayed periods and abdominal pain. For severe adhesions, treatment options such as electrosurgical resection using needle electrodes or laser surgery may be recommended under medical supervision. Adequate rest is essential during recovery.

In addition, menstrual delays may also be associated with factors such as hormonal imbalances. It is advised to get sufficient rest after surgery, attend regular follow-up appointments at the hospital, and maintain diligent postoperative care.