What causes the sensation that something is rubbing inside the eye?

Generally, the sensation of having a foreign body in the eye may be caused by physiological factors or pathological conditions such as trichiasis or conjunctival concretions. The specific analysis is as follows:

I. Physiological Factors

In windy weather, sand and debris in the air may enter the eye, stimulating the conjunctiva and causing a distinct sensation of a foreign body, often accompanied by tearing. Usually, rinsing the eye with normal saline helps flush out the irritants and secretions, thereby relieving discomfort.

II. Pathological Factors

1. Trichiasis

Trichiasis occurs when eyelashes grow inward and rub against the eyeball, repeatedly irritating the surface of the eye and causing a persistent foreign body sensation. For mild cases, a healthcare professional can remove the abnormal lashes using specialized instruments. More severe cases may require surgical correction.

2. Conjunctival Concretions

When secretions from the meibomian glands accumulate over time within the gland ducts, they may form hard deposits known as conjunctival concretions, which can irritate the conjunctiva and cause ocular discomfort. As directed by a physician, topical medications such as gatifloxacin eye drops, levofloxacin eye drops, or erythromycin eye ointment may be used to control inflammation and alleviate symptoms.

In addition, acute conjunctivitis could also be a possible cause. Specific diagnosis requires a thorough examination at a hospital, and treatment should be determined based on the underlying cause under medical guidance.