What are the adverse reactions of methotrexate?

Apr 20, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Liu Aihua

Introduction

Methotrexate may cause adverse reactions such as nausea, cough, and jaundice. Methotrexate is a cytotoxic drug that irritates the gastric mucosa, leading to nausea and vomiting. Long-term, high-dose use can damage the lungs, causing pulmonary fibrosis and resulting in symptoms such as cough. Methotrexate can also impair liver function, leading to jaundice and even hepatocellular necrosis, fatty liver with fibrosis, and cirrhosis.

Methotrexate may cause adverse reactions such as nausea, cough, and jaundice. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Nausea

Methotrexate is a cytotoxic drug. During treatment, it may irritate the gastric mucosa, leading to gastrointestinal discomfort symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

2. Cough

Long-term, high-dose use of the drug may damage the lungs, causing pulmonary fibrosis, which can result in symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing.

3. Jaundice

Taking methotrexate may impair liver function, leading to jaundice and even hepatocyte necrosis, fatty liver with fibrosis, or cirrhosis.

In addition, other adverse reactions such as hair loss and skin itching may also occur. It is recommended to take the medication correctly under a doctor's guidance, avoiding self-medication that could harm the body.

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Why is methotrexate administered once a week?

Methotrexate is typically taken once a week, as the drug can affect normal cells in the body. Methotrexate is an immunosuppressive agent and also a chemotherapy drug. It is available in both tablet and injectable forms, and generally, oral tablets are sufficient. For patients who experience gastrointestinal discomfort after taking the medication, switching to the injectable form may help reduce gastrointestinal side effects.

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What is the usage of methotrexate tablets in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?

Methotrexate tablets are an immunosuppressant commonly used to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of arthritis. Methotrexate works by inhibiting cell proliferation and immune cell function, thereby reducing inflammatory responses and controlling disease progression. The usual route of administration is oral; however, if a higher dose is required, intravenous or intramuscular injection may be chosen instead.

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What are the side effects of methotrexate?

Under normal circumstances, common dosage forms of methotrexate include methotrexate tablets and methotrexate injection. The use of methotrexate may cause side effects such as gastrointestinal reactions, skin reactions, liver function damage, bone marrow suppression, and kidney function impairment. It is recommended to consult a professional physician or pharmacist before using methotrexate and to strictly follow medical instructions when taking the medication.