Causes of high white blood cells in urine

Elevated white blood cells in urine may be caused by physiological factors or pathological conditions such as urethritis and pyelonephritis. The specific analysis is as follows:

I. Physiological Factors

White blood cells are normally present in the bloodstream, with only small amounts found in urine, fluctuating dynamically. If intense physical activity occurs within a short period, it may alter the permeability of the kidneys, leading to a temporary increase in urinary white blood cells. This condition is transient and usually resolves on its own after some time.

II. Pathological Factors

1. Urethritis

This condition is mainly associated with frequent sexual activity and poor personal hygiene, allowing external bacteria to invade the urethra and adhere to the surface of urethral cells, causing cell necrosis, inflammation, and ultimately urethritis. White blood cells migrate through the blood vessel walls into the infected area, resulting in elevated urinary white blood cells. Treatment under medical guidance may include medications such as cefixime tablets or balofloxacin tablets.

2. Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis is an infectious disease. If a patient has underlying conditions such as urinary stones or ureteral malformations, urine outflow may be obstructed and remain in the urinary tract for prolonged periods, extending bacterial residence time. Bacteria may then ascend to the kidneys and cause pyelonephritis. Treatment should follow medical advice and may include medications such as cefuroxime axetil tablets or sodium bicarbonate injection.

In addition to the above causes, elevated urinary white blood cells could also be due to HIV/AIDS. It is recommended to maintain a light diet and avoid high-risk sexual behaviors.