What are the side effects and contraindications of niacinamide?

Generally, side effects of niacinamide may include liver and kidney damage, nausea, etc. Contraindications include hypersensitivity to niacinamide and avoidance of high doses during pregnancy. Detailed analysis is as follows:

I. Side Effects

1. Liver and Kidney Damage

Niacinamide is a vitamin medication primarily used to prevent and treat pellagra and other conditions caused by niacin deficiency. Common formulations include tablets and injections. Long-term use of niacinamide may increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract and potentially cause damage to the liver and kidneys.

2. Nausea

Long-term use of niacinamide may irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to gastrointestinal dysfunction and resulting in symptoms such as nausea.

II. Contraindications

1. Hypersensitivity to Niacinamide

Patients who are allergic to niacinamide should not use it, as it may trigger allergic reactions and cause discomfort.

2. Avoid High Doses During Pregnancy

Pregnant women should avoid high-dose niacinamide, as small molecules may cross the placental barrier and enter the fetal circulation, potentially affecting normal fetal growth and development.

In addition to the above side effects, niacinamide may also cause upper abdominal discomfort, dizziness, and other adverse effects. It is also contraindicated for lactating women to use large amounts of niacinamide. Patients are advised to use niacinamide under the guidance of a physician to avoid potential adverse effects.