What causes soreness and swelling in the calves during running?

Leg soreness and swelling after running may be caused by physiological factors or pathological factors, such as calcium deficiency or muscle strain. Different management approaches can be adopted depending on the underlying cause. The specific analysis is as follows:

I. Physiological Factors

If soreness results from sudden intense exercise after a long period of inactivity, leading to lactic acid buildup, appropriate rest, local heat application, or massage may help improve blood circulation and accelerate lactic acid metabolism, thereby relieving discomfort.

II. Pathological Factors

1. Calcium Deficiency

If insufficient calcium supply to the bones and muscle cramps are due to calcium deficiency, improvement can be achieved by taking calcium supplements such as vitamin D calcium chewable tablets, calcium gluconate oral solution, or calcium lactate granules, as directed by a physician. Additionally, consuming calcium-rich foods like green vegetables, milk, shrimp skins, and increasing sun exposure can promote calcium absorption.

2. Muscle Strain

If soreness is caused by muscle fiber tearing or rupture due to strain, immobilization is required. A plaster splint or brace may be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional, along with local cold compresses. Medications such as naproxen tablets, ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, or diclofenac sodium sustained-release tablets may also be used as prescribed to reduce inflammation and relieve pain.

In addition, conditions such as meniscus injury or knee arthritis could also be responsible. It is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation to determine the exact cause and receive appropriate treatment as directed by a physician.