Where should the electrode pads be placed during external electrical defibrillation?

Under normal circumstances, when performing external chest defibrillation, the electrodes should be placed above the right sternal border at the level of the nipple. The detailed explanation is as follows:

The defibrillator electrode paddles are typically positioned in the fifth intercostal space on the left side to ensure that the electrical current fully passes through the entire heart. Defibrillation works by delivering a high-energy electric shock to depolarize myocardial fibers and rapidly terminate abnormal heart rhythms. Emergency defibrillation is an effective method for treating ventricular fibrillation. Once ventricular fibrillation occurs, spontaneous recovery is rare; using defibrillation helps restore dominance to the sinoatrial node—the structure with the highest intrinsic automaticity—thereby effectively preventing prolonged cardiac arrest that could lead to myocardial hypoxia and damage. It is important to note that there should be no conductive arc or electrically conductive liquid between the electrode paddles, as this may impair the effectiveness of defibrillation and even cause local burns. If a patient has an implanted cardiac pacemaker or automated implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD), the electrode paddles must be placed away from these devices.

In daily life, it is advisable to maintain a light diet and avoid spicy or irritating foods. However, it is crucial to emphasize that external chest defibrillation must only be performed under the guidance of a qualified medical professional. In severe cases, immediate emergency treatment at a hospital is essential.