How is hysterosalpingoscopy performed, and is it painful?

Under normal circumstances, hysteroscopy involves inserting a hysteroscope into the uterine cavity after dilating the cervix, which may cause pain. The specific procedure is as follows:

1. Perform preoperative preparation, obtain the patient’s medical history, and confirm contraindications for surgery.

2. Instruct the patient to empty the bladder, administer a sedative, position the patient in the lithotomy position, and perform routine disinfection and draping.

3. Use a cervical clamp to grasp the cervix, use a probe to determine the depth and direction of the uterine cavity, and dilate the cervix to a size sufficient for insertion of the hysteroscope.

4. Use distension fluid to open the cervical os, insert the hysteroscope into the uterine cavity, and adjust the outflow rate of the fluid to achieve the required intrauterine pressure.

5. First observe the overall appearance of the uterine cavity, then carefully examine the internal cervical os and cervical canal while withdrawing the hysteroscope.

6. Dry the patient's genital area; the examination is now complete.

After completion of the hysteroscopy, the patient should rest in bed for 1–2 hours. To ensure proper procedural standards, please visit a qualified hospital where the procedure can be performed by a specialist physician.