What causes a small white spot on the edge of the eyelid?

Generally, there are many possible causes for a small white spot appearing on the edge of the eyelid, such as zinc deficiency, refractive errors, bacterial infections, etc. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Zinc Deficiency

Zinc deficiency can lead to rough and coarse skin. When the eyelid margin lacks sufficient zinc, white spots may develop. In this case, it's important to ensure adequate zinc intake by consuming more zinc-rich foods such as sea fish, tofu, and soybeans.

2. Refractive Errors

When the eye’s refractive power is abnormal, the patient's pupil may constrict and fine blood vessels may become congested—a condition commonly known as "eye fatigue." Over time, patients may notice a small white spot on the eyelid margin, often accompanied by symptoms such as brittle sensation in the eyes and eye pain. This condition can be corrected initially by wearing appropriate eyeglasses. Additionally, pain-relieving medications should be used as directed by a physician, such as tobramycin eye drops or amoxicillin capsules.

3. Bacterial Infection

The eyes are among the most vulnerable parts of the body. During viral or bacterial infections, the eyelid margin may become dry, and small blisters or lesions may form on the skin surface, eventually developing into a white spot. In such cases, prompt medical consultation is necessary to prevent worsening of the condition. Under a doctor’s guidance, antiviral medications such as lamivudine tablets, acyclovir tablets, or ribavirin tablets may be prescribed.

In addition, conditions such as blocked meibomian glands, eye stones (conjunctival concretions), or styes (hordeolum) can also cause white spots on the eyelid margin. Patients experiencing these symptoms are advised to seek timely medical evaluation at a hospital and receive appropriate treatment based on the specific diagnosis, to prevent further complications.