What does a high-density ground-glass nodule mean?

High-density ground-glass nodules generally refer to relatively high-density ground-glass opacities observed on pulmonary CT scans. These may be caused by inflammatory lesions, tuberculosis, or other conditions, and treatment typically involves oral medications based on the underlying cause. Specific details are as follows:

1. Inflammatory Lesions

This usually refers to lung inflammation resulting from invasion by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens. Such infections can alter capillary permeability, leading to exudation or bleeding within the alveolar spaces. As connective tissue proliferates, high-density ground-glass nodules may form in the lungs. Under a physician's guidance, patients may be treated with oral antibiotics such as azithromycin dispersible tablets, levofloxacin hydrochloride tablets, or cefixime tablets.

2. Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Pulmonary tuberculosis is typically caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The presence of this bacterium can damage blood vessel walls within the alveolar spaces, causing fluid leakage and inflammatory responses, which may lead to increased density of ground-glass nodules in lung tissue. Patients must strictly follow medical advice and take anti-tuberculosis medications such as isoniazid tablets, rifampicin capsules, and ethambutol hydrochloride tablets.

Besides the above causes, high-density ground-glass nodules may also result from other factors such as long-term smoking or sarcoidosis. It is recommended that patients undergo follow-up examinations at a qualified hospital every 3–6 months for monitoring. If there is evidence of progressive consolidation, surgical removal should be considered.