What should be done if pathological examination after surgery for cervical squamous cell carcinoma shows metastasis?

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma with pathological evidence of metastasis after surgery can be managed through chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and other treatments to improve outcomes. Specific approaches are as follows:

1. Chemotherapy

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma, commonly known as cervical squamous cancer, is a prevalent type of cervical cancer. It usually originates from atypical epithelial hyperplasia or carcinoma in situ, and in elderly women, the tumor may be located within the cervical canal. For cases with pathological confirmation of metastasis, intravenous or intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy can be used. Commonly used drugs include paclitaxel injection and gemcitabine hydrochloride for injection.

2. Radiotherapy

Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams to destroy cancer cells. Patients may receive radiotherapy after surgery or when cancer has spread beyond the cervix. Radiotherapy generally shows good efficacy in treating cervical cancer. Common methods include intracavitary brachytherapy and external beam radiation therapy.

3. Immunotherapy

This is a common treatment approach for cervical cancer today. It works by enhancing the body's immune response to target and kill cancer cells, with relatively fewer side effects. A commonly used drug is pembrolizumab injection.

In addition to the above treatments, targeted therapy, open surgical procedures, and laparoscopic surgery may also be considered. The specific treatment plan should be determined based on the patient’s individual condition and administered under the guidance of a physician.