What is the medulla composed of?
Jun 05, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Jun
Introduction
The medulla is typically composed of chromaffin cells and nerve terminals. Located at the center of the gland, it appears brown in color and originates from the ectoderm. Adjacent to the reticularis zone, the medullary cells are polygonal in shape, usually arranged in clusters and interconnected to form a network, with blood sinusoids and connective tissue between them. The sinusoids converge progressively toward the center of the medulla, forming the central vein. The nuclei of medullary cells are round and lightly stained.
The medulla is typically composed of chromaffin cells and nerve processes. Specifically:
The medulla is located at the center of the gland, appearing brown in color and originating from the ectoderm. It is adjacent to the reticularis zone, with polygonal cells usually arranged in clusters forming a network, interspersed with blood sinuses and connective tissue. These blood sinuses converge toward the center of the medulla to form the central vein. The nuclei of medullary cells are round and lightly stained. The cytoplasm contains small granules that turn brownish-yellow when exposed to chromate solutions; such cells are known as chromaffin cells. The medulla, corresponding to the brighter-appearing white matter, is also the postganglionic part of the sympathetic nervous system, responsible for synthesizing and secreting catecholamines. Catecholamines—including epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine—play regulatory roles in cardiovascular function and metabolism.
If patients experience any discomfort, they should seek timely medical treatment at a hospital. It is important to get adequate rest, avoid excessive fatigue, and refrain from prolonged熬夜 (staying up late). Dietary adjustments are also essential, with increased intake of foods rich in vitamins and proteins.
