Is hematuria caused by nutcracker phenomenon always of the uniform type?

Nutcracker usually refers to Nutcracker Syndrome. In general, hematuria caused by Nutcracker Syndrome may be isomorphic or non-isomorphic. The specific details are as follows:

1. Yes

Isomorphic hematuria means that under microscopic examination, red blood cells in the urine appear uniformly distributed. In Nutcracker Syndrome, the left renal vein is compressed, causing blood to stagnate in the pressurized venous system of the left kidney, leading to venous varicosities and dilation. Under such conditions, an increased number of red blood cells enter the glomeruli, resulting in a relatively high count of red blood cells in the urine, which appear uniformly distributed.

2. No

Non-isomorphic hematuria refers to an uneven distribution of red blood cells in the urine, which may include red blood cell clumps, casts, or mixed with other components. This condition may be related to the degree of vascular dilation and venous varicosities caused by Nutcracker Syndrome, leading to dilation and congestion in different areas of blood vessels, thus resulting in non-isomorphic hematuria.

Patients are advised to seek timely medical attention when experiencing discomfort and to undergo standardized treatment under the guidance of a physician, which helps promote recovery.