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How is bronchomalacia treated?

Aug 01, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Guo Xiheng
Introduction
Bronchomalacia can be managed with general treatment, positive pressure ventilation, oral medications, injectable medications, tracheostomy surgery, etc. Bronchomalacia may be caused by congenital esophageal fistula, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic inflammatory stimulation, and other factors. If the patient's symptoms are not severe and do not affect daily life, regular follow-up examinations are usually sufficient.

Tracheobronchomalacia can be managed through general treatment, positive pressure ventilation, oral medication, injectable medications, tracheostomy surgery, and other approaches. Specific details are as follows:

1. General Treatment

Tracheobronchomalacia may result from congenital esophageal fistula, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or chronic inflammatory stimulation. If symptoms are mild and do not significantly affect daily life, regular follow-up examinations and proper airway care are usually sufficient.

2. Positive Pressure Ventilation

If a patient experiences symptoms such as wheezing or coughing due to tracheobronchomalacia, positive pressure ventilation may be applied. This treatment uses medical devices to increase external air pressure on the bronchi, helping to keep the airways open.

3. Oral Medication

Some cases of tracheobronchomalacia are associated with relapsing polychondritis. This condition not only affects the bronchial areas but, if inflammation spreads, may also involve the cardiovascular system and organs such as the ears and eyes. Therefore, it is important to promptly follow medical advice and take medications such as enteric-coated aspirin tablets or prednisone tablets.

4. Injectable Medication

If significant inflammation is present in patients with tracheobronchomalacia, antibiotics should be administered promptly as directed by a physician, such as penicillin sodium for injection or ceftriaxone sodium for injection. This helps relieve symptoms and prevents long-term inflammatory stimulation that could lead to pathological changes in the bronchi.

5. Tracheostomy Surgery

For some patients with tracheobronchomalacia who develop severe breathing difficulties or swallowing problems, tracheostomy surgery may be necessary. This procedure helps maintain airway patency and restores basic bronchial function, thereby improving quality of life. However, this surgery may potentially cause bronchial wall necrosis; therefore, any adverse reactions during treatment should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare provider.

In addition, other treatments for tracheobronchomalacia include nasal intubation under awake conditions, tracheal stenting, and tracheal suspension surgery. Patients are advised to actively cooperate with treatment and avoid placing excessive stress on themselves during the course of therapy.


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