What does CD31 vascular positive mean?

Generally, CD31 vessel+ refers to positive CD31 vessel staining. CD31 is a marker tested in immunohistochemistry. A positive CD31 vessel result indicates that the patient's tumor cells have undergone vascular endothelial differentiation. The detailed analysis is as follows:

CD31, also known as platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), is a marker for vascular endothelial cells and is typically expressed on the surface of endothelial cells, B lymphocytes, platelets, granulocytes, and certain T cells. It has broad functional roles and is involved in inflammation and cell migration, playing important roles in processes such as angiogenesis and apoptosis.

In immunohistochemistry, CD31 vessel staining is primarily used to confirm the presence of endothelial tissue and to evaluate tumor angiogenesis. A positive CD31 vessel result often indicates a rapidly growing tumor. Malignant vascular endothelial cells usually retain antigen expression, so CD31 positivity can also help diagnose vascular tumors such as hemangiomas and angiosarcomas. Additionally, CD31 vessel positivity may be observed in small lymphocytic lymphoma and other lymphocytic lymphomas; however, it should be noted that CD31 is not a specific marker for these conditions.

Patients should not rely solely on a single test result to diagnose a particular disease. If symptoms arise, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and undergo appropriate evaluation and treatment under the guidance of a physician, which facilitates recovery.