What causes a 40-year-old woman to have purple lips?

Generally, purple lips in a 40-year-old woman may be caused by factors such as cold environments, vitamin deficiency, cheilitis, anemia, or bronchiectasis. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Cold environment

If a patient is exposed to cold conditions for prolonged periods without adequate warmth, local blood circulation may become impaired, leading to symptoms such as purple lips and feeling cold. It is recommended that patients keep warm and drink more warm water to promote blood circulation and help alleviate symptoms.

2. Vitamin deficiency

Poor long-term eating habits, such as picky or selective eating, may lead to insufficient intake of vitamins, resulting in dry skin, purple discoloration of the lips, and skin keratosis. Patients are advised to correct unhealthy dietary habits and maintain balanced nutrition. Eating more fresh fruits and vegetables is beneficial. Additionally, vitamin supplements such as vitamin C tablets or vitamin B2 tablets may be taken under medical guidance.

3. Cheilitis

Poor lip hygiene over time may allow bacterial invasion and trigger inflammation. Most patients experience symptoms such as swollen lips and purple discoloration. Treatment may include topical medications such as tacrolimus ointment or erythromycin ointment, as prescribed by a doctor, along with lip wet compresses to relieve discomfort.

4. Anemia

In cases of anemia, hemoglobin synthesis in the body significantly decreases, reducing the efficiency of oxygen delivery to vital organs such as the brain, which can result in purple lips. Patients may take blood-building medications such as compound ferrous sulfate granules or dextran iron tablets as directed by a physician.

5. Bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis may obstruct airways, causing oxygen deficiency and resulting in purple lips. This condition is often accompanied by symptoms such as wheezing and chest tightness. Treatment may include inhaled budesonide suspension or azelastine fluticasone nasal spray, as prescribed, to improve symptoms.

In addition to the above, purple lips could also be caused by pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. If purple discoloration of the lips occurs, patients should seek timely medical attention to avoid delays in diagnosis and treatment.