What are the effects and contraindications of fosfomycin sodium injection?

Under normal circumstances, the effects of fosfomycin sodium injection include promoting fluid excretion, phosphorus supplementation, phosphorylation, acid-base balance regulation, and relief of constipation. Contraindications generally include severe renal insufficiency, severe cardiovascular disease, severe electrolyte disturbances, hemorrhagic colitis or ulcerative colitis, and hyperphosphatemia; these patients should not use the drug. Specific details are as follows:

I. Effects

1. Fluid Excretion
Fosfomycin sodium injection can be used as a laxative to promote gastrointestinal transit, increase urine output, and prevent edema.

2. Phosphorus Supplementation
Fosfomycin sodium injection contains phosphate salts and can be used to treat hypophosphatemia caused by phosphorus deficiency.

3. Phosphorylation
The phosphate ions in fosfomycin sodium injection can participate in intracellular phosphorylation reactions, playing an important role in energy metabolism and cell signaling processes.

4. Acid-Base Balance
The phosphate in fosfomycin sodium injection helps maintain proper acid-base balance in the body and may serve as an adjunctive treatment for acidosis or alkalosis.

5. Constipation Relief
Fosfomycin sodium injection can enhance gastrointestinal motility, increase intestinal peristalsis, and promote defecation, thereby alleviating symptoms of constipation.

II. Contraindications

1. Severe Renal Insufficiency
Fosfomycin sodium is primarily excreted through the kidneys. Patients with significantly impaired renal function should avoid using this drug or reduce the dosage to prevent hyperphosphatemia and other adverse reactions.

2. Severe Cardiovascular Disease
Fosfomycin sodium injection may cause electrolyte imbalances, such as changes in serum potassium and calcium levels, which could negatively affect patients with cardiovascular diseases.

3. Severe Electrolyte Disturbances
Patients with conditions such as hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia, or hyperkalemia should avoid using fosfomycin sodium injection, as it may worsen existing electrolyte abnormalities.

4. Hemorrhagic Colitis or Ulcerative Colitis
Fosfomycin sodium injection may irritate the gastrointestinal tract and exacerbate inflammatory lesions; therefore, its use should be avoided in patients with these conditions.

5. Hyperphosphatemia
Fosfomycin sodium injection can elevate serum phosphate levels. Hence, patients already suffering from hyperphosphatemia should avoid using this medication to prevent worsening of their condition.

If this medication is required, it is recommended to use it under the guidance of a qualified physician to avoid improper use that may harm the body and impair recovery.