What is the timing and method for correcting a breech fetal position?

Generally, the optimal time for correcting a breech fetal position is between 20 and 32 weeks of gestation. Methods include acupuncture version, surgical version, external cephalic version (ECV), postural adjustment techniques, and moxibustion therapy. Detailed analysis is as follows:

I. Timing

Breech position correction refers to adjusting the fetus from a presentation where the buttocks are positioned below, near the cervix, while the head is located higher up in the uterus—this is known as a breech position. A breech presentation is relatively uncommon and, if not corrected in time, may increase the risks during delivery. Therefore, appropriate interventions should be performed within a specific timeframe. The period from 20 to 32 weeks is considered the optimal window for correcting breech presentation. During this stage, the fetus has not yet fully developed, and there is relatively more space within the uterus, leading to a higher success rate of correction.

II. Methods

1. Acupuncture Version

This method involves stimulating specific acupoints through acupuncture to encourage the fetus to naturally rotate into the correct head-down position. It is suitable for pregnant women without contraindications and is generally safe with good efficacy.

2. Surgical Version (External Cephalic Version - ECV)

In special cases—such as when the fetus is particularly large or when placental positioning is abnormal—an external cephalic version may be required. This procedure must be performed by a qualified physician using professional techniques.

3. External Cephalic Version (Pushing Technique)

A trained healthcare provider applies manual pressure on the mother's abdomen to guide the fetus into a head-down position. This technique must be conducted under medical supervision and is not recommended for women with severe preeclampsia, placental abruption, or other high-risk conditions.

4. Postural Adjustment Techniques (Postural Maneuvers)

This method involves changing body positions—such as adopting a head-down, feet-elevated posture or performing inverted yoga poses—to stimulate the fundus of the uterus and encourage the fetus to turn spontaneously. It can be used in low-risk pregnancies but has a relatively lower success rate. Regular prenatal checkups are recommended to ensure proper fetal engagement and a smooth delivery process.

5. Moxibustion Therapy

Moxibustion is a traditional Chinese medicine technique that involves burning dried mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) near specific acupoints, typically BL67 (Zhiyin point), to stimulate fetal movement and promote repositioning. This method is often combined with acupuncture and self-care practices guided by a trained practitioner.

Pregnant women are advised to choose an appropriate correction method based on their individual health status and under the guidance of a healthcare provider to avoid potential complications.