How to interpret a thyroid 7-item lab test report

Under normal circumstances, the seven thyroid tests include thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), thyroglobulin (Tg), and the free T4/free T3 ratio, which can be used to assess thyroid function. The specific details are as follows:

1. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

TSH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that regulates the secretion of thyroid hormones. Normal TSH levels typically range between 0.4 and 4.0 mIU/L. Elevated TSH may indicate hypothyroidism, while low TSH may suggest hyperthyroidism.

2. Free Thyroxine (FT4)

Free thyroxine is the active form of the thyroid hormone T4. The normal range is usually between 0.7 and 1.9 ng/dL. FT4 reflects the level of thyroid hormones and is crucial for metabolism.

3. Free Triiodothyronine (FT3)

Free triiodothyronine is the active form of the thyroid hormone T3. The normal range is typically between 2.3 and 4.2 pg/mL. FT3 is also involved in regulating metabolism and energy expenditure.

4. Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPOAb)

Testing for thyroid peroxidase antibodies helps diagnose autoimmune thyroid diseases such as autoimmune thyroiditis. A positive result may indicate an autoimmune attack on the thyroid gland.

5. Thyroglobulin Antibodies (TgAb)

Thyroglobulin antibody testing is commonly used to diagnose or monitor autoimmune thyroid diseases. A positive result may suggest an autoimmune response.

6. Thyroglobulin (Tg)

Thyroglobulin is a protein produced within the thyroid gland and is normally present only in trace amounts in healthy individuals. Elevated levels may indicate thyroid tissue damage or the presence of tumors.

7. Free T4/Free T3 Ratio

This ratio can be used to evaluate thyroid function, particularly during disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring.

If test results are abnormal, it is recommended to consult a specialist physician for further evaluation and treatment recommendations.