What does aortic stenosis mean?

Nov 09, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Wang Xin

Introduction

In general, aortic stenosis is caused by narrowing between the left ventricular outflow tract and the beginning of the aorta. It may be related to congenital developmental abnormalities, aortic valve stenosis, atherosclerosis, arteritis, or congenital coarctation of the aorta. Patients are advised to follow medical instructions for symptomatic treatment. If patients experience any discomfort, they should seek timely medical attention at a hospital to avoid delaying the condition.

In general, aortic stenosis occurs due to narrowing between the left ventricular outflow tract and the beginning of the aorta. This condition may be associated with congenital developmental abnormalities, aortic valve stenosis, atherosclerosis, large-vessel vasculitis (Takayasu arteritis), or congenital aortic coarctation. Patients are advised to follow medical instructions for symptomatic treatment. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Congenital Developmental Abnormalities

If a patient has congenital developmental abnormalities, this may affect the development of the aorta, leading to aortic stenosis. Under physician guidance, patients may use medications such as digoxin tablets or enteric-coated aspirin tablets for treatment.

2. Aortic Valve Stenosis

The aortic valve is located at the junction between the aorta and the left ventricle. Narrowing of this valve may result from factors such as calcium deposition on the aortic valve, congenital heart defects, rheumatic fever, or endocarditis. Individuals who smoke long-term or suffer from high cholesterol, hypertension, or diabetes are more susceptible to developing aortic valve stenosis, thus presenting the aforementioned condition. Under physician guidance, patients may use medications such as atorvastatin calcium tablets or rosuvastatin calcium tablets for treatment.

3. Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis causes lipid deposits beneath the arterial intima. As the disease progresses, plaque calcification can lead to narrowing of the aortic lumen. Under physician guidance, patients may use medications such as enteric-coated aspirin capsules or clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets for treatment.

4. Large-Vessel Vasculitis (Takayasu Arteritis)

Inflammation and damage caused by large-vessel vasculitis can lead to pathological changes in the vessel wall, making the arterial wall stiff, thickened, and less elastic. This reduces the diameter of the aortic lumen, resulting in the aforementioned phenomenon. Under physician guidance, patients may use medications such as methotrexate tablets or compound cyclophosphamide tablets for treatment.

5. Congenital Aortic Coarctation

The exact pathogenesis of congenital aortic coarctation remains unclear, but it may be related to contraction of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue in the ductus arteriosus wall during its closure process. Under physician guidance, patients may use medications such as metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets or bisoprolol fumarate tablets for treatment.

If patients experience any discomfort symptoms, they should promptly seek medical attention at a hospital to avoid delays in diagnosis and treatment.

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