What are the four items included in blood culture testing?

Blood screening for four items typically refers to erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), antistreptolysin O (ASO), and rheumatoid factor (RF). These four tests help doctors evaluate and diagnose certain diseases, especially those related to rheumatic disorders.

ESR measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in a tube of blood. An increased ESR is commonly associated with inflammation, tumors, and rheumatic diseases. CRP is an acute-phase reactant protein primarily produced by the liver. Elevated CRP levels are usually linked to infection, inflammation, and tissue damage. ASO is a key indicator for detecting streptococcal infection. Increased ASO titers often suggest a recent streptococcal infection. RF is an autoantibody mainly found in the serum and joint fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Elevated RF levels are commonly associated with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

The "four-item blood screening" holds significant value in diagnosing and assessing rheumatic diseases. Additionally, it provides useful reference information for other conditions such as infections, inflammatory disorders, and tumors. Before undergoing these tests, patients should follow their doctor's instructions, such as avoiding strenuous exercise or fasting.