What are the causes of frequent nosebleeds in a 13-year-old girl?

Under normal circumstances, frequent nosebleeds in a 13-year-old girl may be caused by factors such as dry nasal passages, nasal foreign bodies, nasal trauma, rhinitis, or sinusitis. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Dry Nasal Passages

If the external environment is relatively dry or indoor humidity is insufficient, the nasal mucosa may lose adequate moisture, becoming dry and fragile, thus prone to cracking and bleeding. Maintaining appropriate indoor humidity, drinking plenty of water, and consuming more vegetables and fruits are recommended.

2. Nasal Foreign Body

A foreign object in the nose may directly damage the nasal mucosa or blood vessels, leading to nosebleeds. Additionally, it may cause infection and subsequent nasal inflammation, resulting in mucosal congestion and swelling that makes bleeding more likely. The type and location of the foreign body should be identified, followed by appropriate removal methods.

3. Nasal Trauma

The nose contains abundant blood vessels, and physical injury can directly damage these vessels, causing bleeding. Measures such as applying pressure, nasal packing, or using medications may be used to control the bleeding.

4. Rhinitis

Rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa that can cause the lining to become dry and eroded, increasing the risk of nosebleeds. Under medical supervision, medications such as budesonide nasal spray, mometasone furoate nasal spray, or Biyuan Tongqiao Granules may be used to relieve symptoms.

5. Sinusitis

Sinusitis is usually caused by bacterial infection, which triggers an inflammatory response in the nasal mucosa, leading to capillary dilation, congestion, and increased susceptibility to rupture and bleeding. Treatment under a doctor’s guidance may include medications such as Tongqiao Biyan Tablets, Biyan Ning Granules, or metronidazole tablets.

Using a humidifier or placing a bowl of water in the room can help maintain moderate indoor humidity. Drinking sufficient water to stay well-hydrated also helps prevent nosebleeds.