Why does the pain persist after shingles (herpes zoster) has resolved?

Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, refers to a viral infection characterized by a painful rash. Even after the rash has resolved, pain may persist due to several possible reasons, including nerve damage, inflammatory response, persistent nerve cell activation, abnormal pain signal transmission, and long-term effects on the nervous system. It is recommended to seek medical evaluation and follow the doctor's advice for appropriate treatment. The specific causes are analyzed as follows:

1. Nerve Damage

During a herpes zoster infection, particularly while the virus remains latent within nerve cells, it can cause damage to these nerves. Even after the viral infection is under control, nerve damage may persist. Damaged nerve cells may transmit abnormal pain signals, resulting in chronic pain. Patients should continue treatment as directed by their physician.

2. Inflammatory Response

The immune system's response to the viral infection may lead to localized inflammation. Even after the virus has been cleared, inflammation may still remain. This inflammation can cause tissue swelling and stimulate nerve endings, leading to pain. As directed by a doctor, medications such as Penicillin V Potassium Tablets, Azithromycin Tablets, or Erythromycin Tablets may help reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms.

3. Persistent Nerve Cell Activation

Herpes zoster infection may lead to excessive activation of nerve cells. Even after the virus is eliminated, these nerves may remain hypersensitive. Overactive nerve cells may generate abnormal electrical signals that trigger pain sensations. According to medical advice, neurotrophic agents such as Mecobalamin Tablets, Vitamin B12 Tablets, or Oryzanol Tablets may help alleviate symptoms.

4. Abnormal Pain Signal Transmission

Herpes zoster infection may disrupt normal neural pathways, leading to abnormal transmission of pain signals. This altered nerve conduction may increase sensitivity to pain, causing discomfort even in the absence of external stimuli. Pain relievers such as enteric-coated Aspirin Tablets, Ibuprofen Tablets, or Diclofenac Sodium Tablets may be used under medical guidance to manage pain.

5. Long-Term Effects on the Nervous System

Herpes zoster may have lasting impacts on the central nervous system, including alterations in neuronal activity. Even after the rash has healed, these long-term neurological changes may lead to abnormal nerve function and persistent pain. Under a doctor’s supervision, medications such as Zhenyuan Tablets, Qiyeshenan Tablets, or Shenqi Wuweizi Granules may be used for treatment.

In daily life, maintaining a light diet, drinking plenty of water, and avoiding scratching the affected area can support skin healing and overall health.