What are the main pathological changes of severe chronic hepatitis?

In general, the main pathological changes associated with severe chronic hepatitis include liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocyte necrosis, liver atrophy, and liver cancer. If any of these conditions are present, it is recommended to consult a physician for evaluation. The specific details are as follows:

1. Liver Fibrosis

Prolonged inflammatory stimulation can lead to excessive growth of fibrous tissue within the liver. This is the liver's response to chronic inflammation, aiming to replace damaged liver cells. However, excessive fibrous tissue gradually forms scars, resulting in liver fibrosis. In severe hepatitis, liver fibrosis may progress to more advanced stages.

2. Cirrhosis

When liver fibrosis worsens and extensive scar tissue develops, it progresses to cirrhosis. Cirrhosis represents a stage in which the liver's tissue structure undergoes severe alterations, losing its normal architecture and function. Cirrhosis not only impairs the liver's detoxification and synthetic functions but may also lead to complications such as portal hypertension and ascites.

3. Hepatocyte Necrosis

Chronic hepatitis causes recurrent inflammation, which directly damages liver cells. Hepatocyte necrosis refers to the death of liver cells due to inflammation or other injuries. Over time, extensive hepatocyte necrosis may lead to a gradual decline in liver function.

4. Liver Atrophy

Widespread hepatocyte necrosis and replacement by fibrous tissue can result in a reduction in liver volume, known as liver atrophy. This occurs when normal liver tissue is lost and replaced by scar tissue, causing the overall liver structure to become compacted and shrunken.

5. Liver Cancer

In cases of severe chronic hepatitis, particularly during the stage of cirrhosis, the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma significantly increases. The persistent inflammation and cellular damage caused by chronic hepatitis can promote abnormal cell proliferation and the development of cancer. Therefore, liver cancer is one of the serious complications of severe chronic hepatitis.

In daily life, maintaining a light diet and regular作息 (daily routine) is beneficial for liver health.